…”He also fostered restaurants and shopping centers  to encourage black economic independence. In addition to his support of Pan-Africanism, Marcus Garvey was a Black nationalist and believed in racial separatism. This made him a controversial figure in and out of the Black community, especially as he challenged major thought leader W.E.B Du Bois”… https://www.archives.gov/research/african-americans/individuals/marcus-garvey

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